GSM based Home Security System

Project Cost: 8,400

Project Code: 1601

Download the Synopsis of the project

Description of the project:

Security is the main concern for everyone. Everyone wants to live securely in his/her house. Everybody wants themselves to keep safe or secure from various incidents like theft in their house or accidents caused due to LPG gas leakage or accidents due to fire in their house. GSM based Home Security System project has 4 modules along with a GSM modem. GSM modem is used to send the SMS whenever there are changes in any of the three modules.

1. The first module of this project detects if any person is entering the house. This feature is helpful at night time or whenever we are out of our homes.
2. The second part of the project serves the functionality of a door-latch opening using a password entered through the keypad. As well as sending this data to a GSM modem through the serial port. This module also turns on the buzzer if 3 wrong passwords are entered consequently. Users can change this password anytime he/she wish using a keypad.
3. The third module uses an LPG gas sensor to detect gas leakage. If there is a leakage then the buzzer is turned on.
4. The fourth module uses a Temperature sensor to detect fire in the house. Whenever the temperature sensor crosses the threshold level, a buzzer is activated and an SMS alert is sent to the owner of the house.

Need of the GSM based Home Security System in the current scenarios:

Nowadays many times we hear news about house robbery or theft in some houses, bungalows, and flats. These robberies or thefts take place when nobody is in the house or in some cases we find that robberies take place even if people are in their houses. In case of robbery, it would be beneficial if we can blow some alarms. Let’s take an example we are out of our home and theft is going on in our house. In such cases if we are intimated about theft then we can inform our neighbors, then they can create some noise or take some appropriate action so that this theft can be avoided. Let’s take another problem; sometimes the key to our home is lost. If we do not replace our lock and if these keys are found by thieves then it can cause robbery. We all know that duplicate keys can be created within a few minutes and also key duplication is easy. These are the disadvantages of a traditional locking system which uses a key and a lock.

Another bad news we hear is about accidents are caused or blasts happening because of LPG gas cylinder leakage. In every house, we find that LPG gas is commonly and widely used for cooking purposes. So in every kitchen, we find that an LPG gas cylinder is placed. However due to some reasons, LPG gas might leak from these cylinders. And because of this LPG gas leakage, a fire might be ignited or it can even cause the LPG gas cylinder to blast. Which can damage the house or in even worst situations, can cause a life threat to the person living inside the house. If LPG gas leakage is detected on time and if it is controlled on time then we can avoid a big accident.

Another problem/fear is about fire in our house. There can be various reasons for this fire being ignited or the house getting caught in the fire. Reason for a fire can be an electrical short circuit or due to some other things like candles or oil lamps kept inside our house or because of fireworks in festival season. Early detection of all these problems is really necessary. Sometimes fire light is small but if proper attention is not paid to it or if proper actions are not taken to control this fire, then it can convert into a big tragedy as this fire can spread into the complete house.

To overcome all the above-stated disadvantages of an existing system we have designed a GSM based home security system. It can avoid these undesirable situations, and hazardous conditions like LPG gas leakage, fire ignition, and theft.

Block Diagram:

You will get the following documents with this project:

1. Project Report in pdf format and in doc (word) format
2. Circuit diagram
3. PCB layout
4. Microcontroller program in assembly language
5. Hex file of the microcontroller code
6. Datasheets of all the components / ICs used in the project

Project Photographs:

Description in detail:

It mainly consists of the following blocks

1. Infrared Transmitter: We have implemented a Person detection module using 1 transmitter and 1 receiver. We have used an InfraRed transmitter because infrared beams are not visible to human eyes. The transmitter used is IR LEDs
2. Receiver: We have used an Infrared receiver. It is an active low device which means it gives low output when it receives Infrared rays.
3. Microcontroller: This is the CPU (central processing unit) of our project. We have used a microcontroller of an 8051 family. The various functions of the microcontroller are like:
   • Reading the digital input from the infrared receiver to find whether a person is entered the house or not.
   • Sending this data to LCD so that the person operating this project should read the number of persons inside the room.
   • Sensing the password using the keypad and checking whether it is a correct password or a wrong password and rotating the stepper motor if the password entered is a correct password.
   • Sending the data to the GSM modem using the serial port. This data consists of the number of persons inside the room and the status of entered password (Correct/wrong)
4. LCD: We have used a 16×2 alphanumeric Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) which means it can display alphabets along with numbers on 2 lines each containing 16 characters.
5. GSM Modem: We have used a sim300 as a GSM modem. The status of persons inside the room, LPG Gas leakage status and the status of entered password (Correct/wrong) will be sent to the GSM modem.
6. Keypad: The user has to enter the password using the keypad. Various keys of the keypad are as follows
   • 0 to 9
   • Enter
   • Escape

Applications of GSM based Home Security System with SMS alerts:

1. This project has its main application in security systems. This project can be used in the home as SMS based domestic security system. It will be really useful for the security of a flat, bungalow, or any row house. It can be used in our house for theft detection at night time. The other part of the project (password detector) can be used to automate the door locking process, so the user needs not have to carry the door lock keys along with him, he/she can just remember the password and use it later to open the door.
2. Various parameters monitored in this project like LPG gas leakage, theft detection, and overheating due to fire are also applicable for industrial purposes as well. So this system can also be used in industries as a GSM based industrial security system.
3. We can use this project in Restaurants as well as hotels since LPG Gas cylinders are majorly used for cooking purposes in hotels and restaurants. Also, they are very much prone to fire. So this project can be fitted in the cooking section or kitchen of hotels. We can also use this project for lodging rooms in hotels or rented rooms in a hotel. The user will be provided a password to enter this room and various parameters in this room will be monitored.
4. This project can be used in hospitals. We need to do a few modifications for use in the hospital. We can add an oxygen gas sensor to detect the leakage in oxygen gas cylinders, as it can also cause a fire. The password-operated locking section can be used in hospitals for those rooms which have limited access like rooms with chemical or x-ray machine units. So only authorized persons can gain access to these areas/rooms/sections.

Advantages of GSM based Home Security System:

1. Remote indication: With the use of GSM technology owner of the house or industry get remote indication through SMS. So even if the user is away from home or industry, he/she will be intimated about the hazardous or undesirable conditions/situations inside the house.
2. This system is fully automated. So once this system is installed inside a home or industry, then it does not require any human interaction to operate. With the use of this system, we can save the life of a person inside the home/industry. Since the accidents caused due to fire and LPG gas leakage can cause life threats.
3. Also, the property inside the house and various materials inside the house and industry are saved from theft and from fire detection.
4. This system is Cost effective. Also, it is Fast and efficient

Future Development:

1. A Voice announcement system can be added to indicate device conditions. We can add a voice announcement system along with the buzzer so if there are hazardous parameters detected then the respective voice messages will be announced.
2. We can add a fingerprint sensor instead of a password-based door operation. So entry will be allowed for the authorized person using their fingerprints.
3. We can monitor and control more parameters and devices. We can implement other related modules like fire sensors, and wind sensors.

Video of the project: GSM based Home Security System

Youtube video coming soon

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Questions and answers about this project:

Question: Can we use the PIR sensor instead of the IR sensor? Can we do interfacing of the PIR sensor with a microcontroller to detect persons or thieves entering our house?

Answer: PIR sensor will not be useful for this application. Reason is that the PIR sensor has a long range, almost 5 meters. Thus it covers a large area. It can detect person inside room as well. But the purpose of using IR sensor in Home security system is to detect if somebody enter inside home through window. And for this purpose we should have narrow beam of IR rays which should cut only when somebody enters through window. But if PIR sensor is kept in window then it will detect somebody inside house also.

Question: Which GSM modem is used in this project? Can we use our handset instead of the GSM modem?

Answer: We have used SIMCOM900 GSM modem (also called simcon900) and we can not use mobile handset.

Question: Can we use a smoke sensor or fire sensor to detect a fire in the home?

Answer: As of now, we don’t have smoke sensor, but we can add temperature sensor to detect fire and can turn on alarm.

Question: I need a sensor to detect if the door opens then will send an SMS by GSM also.

Answer : We can use IR sensor inside the door. If door is closed then rays will be reflected from door and if door is open then there will be no reflection